Full definition
A composite material consisting of strong, stiff fibers (glass, carbon, or aramid) embedded in a thermoset or thermoplastic resin matrix, offering high strength-to-weight ratio, complete corrosion immunity, electrical insulation, and design flexibility. Glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) with polyester or vinyl ester resin is the most common and economical type. Properties: tensile strength 150-400 MPa, density 1.5-2.0 g/cm³ (1/4 to 1/5 of steel), excellent fatigue life, RF transparency. Manufacturing: hand lay-up, filament winding (pipes, tanks), pultrusion (structural profiles, gratings, rebar), and compression molding. Per ASTM D3039 (tensile), D2584 (ignition loss). Applications: chemical-resistant tanks and piping, cooling tower structures, bridge decks, walkway gratings (OSHA compliant, non-sparking), cable trays, handrails, offshore platforms (weight savings), and corrosion-resistant equipment in mining and wastewater. Fire performance varies — intumescent gelcoats or phenolic resins for fire-critical applications. Standards: ASME RTP-1 (tanks), AWWA C950 (pipe). Manufacturers: Strongwell, Fibergrate, Enduro.