Full definition
Neoprene, or polychloroprene (CR), is a synthetic rubber used extensively in the manufacturing of flexible electrical cable jackets. Its unique formulation includes approximately 36% chlorine, which provides inherent flame retardancy, allowing neoprene jackets to pass stringent flame tests such as VW-1 and FT4. This characteristic is crucial for applications where fire safety is paramount, such as in industrial settings and construction sites. Neoprene also exhibits excellent oil resistance, making it suitable for environments where cables are exposed to lubricants and other oils, thus enhancing the durability and longevity of the cables in demanding applications.
In addition to its flame and oil resistance, neoprene offers outstanding weather and ozone resistance, making it ideal for outdoor cables that need to withstand environmental factors without requiring an additional UV protective layer. This weather resistance ensures the integrity of the cables when exposed to sunlight and varying weather conditions. Furthermore, neoprene is known for its exceptional flex fatigue life, which is essential for portable cables subjected to continuous movement and bending, such as those used in construction equipment or temporary electrical setups.
Neoprene jacketing is governed by various standards, including UL 62 for flexible cords and cables, IEC 60245 for rubber-insulated cables, and CSA C22.2. These standards ensure that the cables meet safety and performance requirements. Cables jacketed in neoprene are classified under types SO, SOW, and SOOW in the National Electrical Code (NEC), indicating their suitability for oil-resistant, water-resistant, and outdoor applications. With tensile strength ranging from 10 to 18 MPa, elongation of 200-400%, and hardness between 65-85 Shore A, neoprene jackets maintain their structural integrity across a wide temperature range of -25 to +90°C. This robustness makes neoprene the preferred choice for applications like mining cables, which are often MSHA-approved for underground safety. While alternatives such as CPE, EPDM, and TPE exist, they typically do not match the overall performance and durability of neoprene for portable industrial applications.