Full definition
Working pressure is defined as the nominal pressure at which a pneumatic system or component operates under normal design conditions. This value is crucial for ensuring safety and efficiency in industrial applications, as it directly influences the performance and longevity of equipment. Working pressure is always maintained at a level lower than the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP), ensuring a safety margin is preserved during operation. For instance, in industrial pneumatics, typical working pressures range from 6 to 8 bar, while pneumatic tools often operate at a specific working pressure of 6.3 bar as outlined in ISO 2787. Understanding the working pressure is essential for engineers when designing systems that require precise pneumatic control, as exceeding these values can lead to component failure or accidents.
In hydraulic systems, the working pressure varies significantly based on the system's design requirements. Medium hydraulic systems typically operate within the range of 100 to 200 bar, whereas high hydraulic systems function at pressures ranging from 200 to 350 bar. Ultra-high hydraulic systems exceed 350 bar and require specialized components capable of withstanding such extreme conditions. The safety factor over burst pressure for hoses is commonly set at 4:1, implying that the burst pressure should be at least four times greater than the working pressure to ensure reliability and safety during operation.
Additionally, components used in pressure equipment must comply with CE marking requirements, which stipulate that the maximum allowable pressure (PS) must be clearly marked on the Pressure Equipment Directive (PED) components. This marking helps in ensuring that the components are used within their specified limits, reducing the risk of failure and ensuring compliance with safety regulations.