Full definition
The tail drum, also known as the take-up pulley, is a critical component of a conveyor system, located at the loading end. Its primary function is to redirect the conveyor belt from the return strand back to the carrying strand. This redirection is essential for maintaining the continuous operation of the conveyor, ensuring that materials are effectively transported from one point to another. The tail drum typically integrates a belt tensioning mechanism, which is crucial for adjusting the tension in the conveyor belt to prevent slippage or excessive wear.
There are two main types of take-up mechanisms associated with the tail drum: screw take-up and gravity take-up. The screw take-up system utilizes threaded rods to adjust the position of the drum along the conveyor frame, with a travel range limited to 1-3% of the belt center distance. This type is generally suitable for shorter conveyors, typically those measuring less than 100 meters. In contrast, the gravity take-up system incorporates a movable carriage with counterweights, allowing for adjustments in longer conveyors where belt stretch may exceed the capacity of the screw take-up.
The diameter of the tail drum is usually between 50-75% of the head drum diameter, but it must also meet the minimum bending radius requirements for the specific belt type being used. While lagging on the tail drum is optional, it is highly recommended in wet or slick conditions to enhance traction on the return belt. Self-cleaning wing drums can also be used to minimize material buildup, which can otherwise affect the efficiency of the conveyor system. Precise tracking adjustments can be made at the tail drum; small rotational changes can effectively steer the belt to correct any misalignment. According to CEMA and DIN 22101 standards, misalignment of the tail drum is one of the most common causes of persistent belt mistracking, leading to operational inefficiencies and increased maintenance costs.