Full definition
A continuous flexible loop that transports bulk materials or unit loads over horizontal, inclined, or declined paths by running over a system of drums, idlers, and supporting structure. Two major categories: (1) Heavy-duty rubber belts with textile (EP, NN) or steel cord reinforcement for mining, quarrying, cement, and bulk handling — strengths 160-10,000 N/mm, widths 400-2,200 mm. (2) Light-duty belts with PVC, PU, silicone, or PE covers on polyester/cotton fabric for food processing, packaging, airports, and logistics — typically 1-4 plies. The belt is the single most expensive component of a conveyor system (30-50% of total cost). Selection based on: material type and tonnage, conveyor length and lift, environmental conditions, and regulatory requirements. Key standards: ISO 14890 (heavy-duty covers), ISO 15236 (steel cord), DIN 22102 (textile), CEMA 7th Edition (design). Major global manufacturers: Continental, Bridgestone, Yokohama, Fenner Dunlop, Sempertrans, Bando.