Full definition
A compression crushing machine that reduces rock by squeezing it between a gyrating conical mantle (head) and a stationary concave bowl (liner) — the gap (closed-side setting, CSS) determines the maximum product size. The eccentric mechanism causes the mantle to oscillate (gyrate) inside the bowl without rotating, progressively crushing material as it moves through the narrowing annular gap. Applications: secondary crushing (CSS 25-50 mm, reducing primary crusher product to <50 mm) and tertiary crushing (CSS 6-25 mm, producing aggregate or mill feed). Product sizes: typically 10-50 mm. Capacity: 50-3,000+ t/h depending on size and CSS. Cone crusher types: standard (secondary), short-head (tertiary/fine), and high-performance (GP, HP — optimized cavity profiles). Wear components (replaced periodically): manganese steel mantles and concaves (12-18% Mn austenitic steel that work-hardens under impact — Hadfield steel, 200 HBN initially, work-hardening to 500+ HBN). Rubber components: feed hopper linings, discharge chute linings, V-belt drives (4-12 belts on large units), dust seals, and anti-vibration mounts. Brands: Metso Outotec (GP, HP series), Sandvik (CH/CS series), and FLSmidth. Per ISO 21873 for mobile crushers.